An orchiectomy, or orchidectomy, is a surgery to remove one or both testicles. You might be wondering why there are two different names for the same procedure. If so, you’re not alone.
This article will clear up the confusion around “orchiectomy” vs “orchidectomy.” We’ll explain what the procedure involves, why it’s done, and how it might affect your health and well-being.
The most common reason for an orchiectomy is testicular cancer. However, there are other medical conditions where removing one or both testicles may be the best course of action.
What is an Orchiectomy?
An orchiectomy, also sometimes called an orchidectomy, is a surgical procedure where one or both testicles are removed. You’ll see “orchiectomy” more often in medical articles and journals.
Doctors perform this surgery for many reasons, including addressing conditions that might be related to epididymal cysts:
- To treat testicular cancer
- To deal with severe injuries to the testicles
- To address long-term infections in the testicles
- As part of gender affirmation surgery
- To lower testosterone levels in men with advanced prostate cancer
What happens during an orchiectomy?
Usually, the surgeon makes a cut in the groin area to get to the testicle. Then, they clamp and cut the spermatic cord, which connects the testicle to the body. After that, the testicle is removed. Sometimes, a man might choose to have a prosthetic testicle put in for cosmetic reasons.
How does it affect sexual function and fertility?
If only one testicle is removed (unilateral orchiectomy), it usually doesn’t have a big impact on sexual function or the ability to have children. But, if both testicles are removed (bilateral orchiectomy), it leads to a drop in testosterone, potentially requiring monitoring and management similar to the use of testosterone cream. This can cause a lower sex drive, trouble getting an erection, and infertility, though other hormonal imbalances like high progesterone in men can also contribute to similar issues. In these cases, doctors often recommend hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to make up for the lost testosterone.
What is an Orchidectomy?
You might see the term “orchidectomy” used instead of “orchiectomy.” Both words refer to the same surgical procedure: the removal of one or both testicles.
However, “orchiectomy” is the word you’re most likely to hear from your doctor. Medical professionals prefer to use “orchiectomy” because it’s considered the current and correct term.
While “orchidectomy” isn’t wrong, per se, it’s just not used as often in modern medicine.
Critical Differences Between Orchidectomy and Orchiectomy
So, what’s the real deal with these two terms? Are they interchangeable? Let’s break it down.
Terminology
The main difference is really just in the spelling and how often each term is used. “Orchiectomy” is the standard, preferred term you’ll see in medical literature and hear from doctors.
“Orchidectomy” is older, but people still know what it means.
Context and Usage
Using “orchiectomy” shows you’re up-to-date with current medical language. While people might use the terms interchangeably in casual conversation, “orchiectomy” is the way to go when you’re communicating with healthcare professionals or writing anything formal.
Anesthesia, Pain Management, and the Surgical Procedure
Anesthesia
An orchiectomy is typically performed while you’re under general anesthesia, which means you’ll be asleep. In some cases, the procedure is done using spinal anesthesia, which numbs the lower half of your body. Your doctor may also use local anesthesia along with a sedative to help you relax.
Surgical Procedure Details
During the procedure, the surgeon will make an incision in your groin or scrotum to access the testicle. The spermatic cord is isolated and clamped off, and then the testicle is removed. The incision is closed with stitches that will dissolve on their own. In some cases, a drain is placed to prevent fluid buildup.
Pain Management
After surgery, you’ll likely experience some pain and swelling. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can usually help manage the discomfort. In some instances, your doctor may prescribe stronger pain medication. Applying ice packs to the area can also help reduce swelling and ease pain.
Potential Complications and Risks
As with any surgical procedure, there are potential complications associated with an orchiectomy. These risks are generally low, but it’s important to be aware of them.
Potential complications include:
- Infection
- Bleeding around the surgical site
- Scarring
- Chronic pain
- Emotional impact (related to body image and hormone changes)
- Hematoma (a collection of blood under the skin)
Before undergoing an orchiectomy, it’s crucial to have a thorough discussion with your surgeon about these potential risks and how they might apply to your specific situation. They can provide a more personalized assessment and address any concerns you may have.
Recovery and Aftercare
It’s important to know what to expect after your surgery so you can recover with as little discomfort as possible.
Immediate Postoperative Care
Your healthcare team will give you specific instructions on how to care for yourself in the days after your surgery.
In general, you should:
- Keep the surgical area clean and dry.
- Wear supportive underwear.
- Use ice packs to reduce swelling.
- Take all medications as prescribed.
You’ll also need to keep an eye out for any signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, pus, or fever. If you notice any of these, contact your doctor right away.
Long-term Recovery
Most people can return to their normal activities within a few weeks after an orchiectomy. However, it’s important to avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting during the recovery period.
Make sure you keep all of your follow-up appointments with your surgeon. These appointments are crucial for monitoring your progress and ensuring that you’re healing properly.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does female to male surgery get hard?
This question is a bit vague, but if you are asking if a phalloplasty or metoidioplasty can achieve an erection, the answer is yes. Surgical techniques exist to create a functional penis with the ability to achieve rigidity, often through the use of a penile implant.
What are the different types of orchiectomy?
There are several types of orchiectomy, including simple orchiectomy (removal of one or both testicles), radical orchiectomy (typically performed for testicular cancer, involving removal of the testicle, spermatic cord, and associated tissues), and subcapsular orchiectomy (removal of the testicular tissue while leaving the outer capsule intact, primarily for hormone reduction).
What are the disadvantages of orchiectomy?
Potential disadvantages include infertility, hormonal changes (leading to decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and hot flashes), the need for hormone replacement therapy, and possible psychological effects related to body image and sexual function. Surgical risks like bleeding, infection, and pain are also possible.
Is tucking easier after an orchiectomy?
Yes, most individuals find tucking considerably easier and more comfortable after an orchiectomy, as the testicles are no longer present. This can greatly improve comfort and confidence for transgender women and non-binary individuals.
What is removed in an orchidectomy?
During an orchidectomy (another term for orchiectomy), one or both testicles are surgically removed. Depending on the type of procedure, the spermatic cord and surrounding tissues may also be removed.
Conclusion
“Orchiectomy” and “orchidectomy” both refer to surgical removal of one or both testicles, but “orchiectomy” is the more commonly used and preferred term.
Regardless of which term you use, the important thing is to understand the procedure itself, why it might be recommended for you, and how it could affect your life. This understanding will help you make informed decisions about your health.